No statistically significant sex differences in the direct associations among EF, task orientation, and mathematics or in the mediating effect of task orientation¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? The direct associations between EF, task orientation, and mathematics and the mediating effect of task orientation did not differ statistically significantly for boys versus girls. → Tara Hofkens 2022
Evidence¶
Tara Hofkens 2022¶
Tara Hofkens, Jessica Whittaker, Robert Pianta, Virginia Vitiello, Erik Ruzek, Arya Ansari. (2022). Pathways of mathematics achievement in preschool: Examining executive function and task orientation. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101432
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Null finding from the longitudinal study of 467 preschoolers: no statistically significant sex difference in the direct associations or in the mediating effect of task orientation; equivalence was not tested and no effect size is printed.
"we did not find a statistically significant difference in the direct associations between EF, task orientation, and mathematics or in the mediating effect of task orientation for boys and girls"
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Self-Regulation — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Executive Function — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Gender — moderator: an instructional effect differs by group
Related Claims¶
- Children's executive function at the beginning of pre-kindergarten predicts growth in mathematics achievement across the pre-kindergarten year — related
- Girls show significantly higher task orientation than boys in preschool — related
- Growth in task orientation partially mediates the association between executive function and mathematics achievement in preschoolers — related
- Mindsets relate to kindergarteners' achievement indirectly through executive functions and classroom behavioral self-regulation as mediators — related
- Boys received more process praise and scored higher in 4th grade math than girls in this sample — related
- The mathematics sex difference favoring boys is more consistently found among higher-achieving nations, with considerable variability among lower-scoring countries — related
- Across nations, boys outperform girls in mathematics by a small average margin while girls outperform boys in reading by a margin three times larger — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
no-sex-differences-ef-task-orientation-math-pathways |
title |
No statistically significant sex differences in the direct associations among EF, task orientation, and mathematics or in the mediating effect of task orientation |
description |
No statistically significant sex differences in the direct associations among EF, task orientation, and mathematics or in the mediating effect of task orientation |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-08 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — tara-hofkens-2022 |
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