A reduced set of non-cognitive factors alone explains 17–25% of the variance in university GPA across three years of a degree¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q3 i? Non-cognitive predictors (academic engagement, academic self-efficacy, regulation of behavior and context, conscientiousness) alone explained 17–25% of GPA variance across the three years. → Juan-Carlos Pérez-González 2022
Evidence¶
Juan-Carlos Pérez-González 2022¶
Juan-Carlos Pérez-González, Gemma Filella, Anna Soldevila, Yasmine Faiad, Maria-Jose Sanchez-Ruiz. (2022). Integrating self-regulated learning and individual differences in the prediction of university academic achievement across a three-year-long degree. Metacognition and Learning (2022) 17:1141–1165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-022-09315-w
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Hierarchical regression (Step 1) on first-year GPA in a sample of 386 Spanish undergraduates: the three non-cognitive variables were significant predictors, with "adjusted R2 = 0.25". Comparable Step 1 models for years 2 and 3 yielded adjusted R² of 0.22 and 0.17.
"Using first year GPA as the criterion variable, at step 1, the three non-cognitive variables were significant predictors ( F(4, 184) = 16.94, p < .001, adjusted R2 = 0.25)"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Academic engagement and regulation of behavior and context show incremental validity over cognitive predictors of university GPA
- A latent global non-cognitive factor predicts a latent three-year GPA factor, explaining 27–29% of its variance
- Previous academic performance is the strongest predictor of university GPA, and adding cognitive predictors raises explained variance to about 44–50%
- Trait emotional intelligence showed no significant association with university GPA, despite correlating with engagement, SRL strategies and self-efficacy
- Cognitive ability (inductive reasoning) showed no significant association with university GPA in any analysis — related
- Canfield's learning style variables predicted academic success where cognitive style did not — related
- Conscientiousness shows the strongest links to SRL and robustly predicts academic performance even after accounting for cognitive ability — related
- Conscientiousness is robustly associated with academic performance across primary, secondary, and tertiary education, with openness the next strongest predictor — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
noncognitive-factors-explain-17-25-percent-gpa-variance-three-years |
title |
A reduced set of non-cognitive factors alone explains 17–25% of the variance in university GPA across three years of a degree |
description |
A reduced set of non-cognitive factors alone explains 17–25% of the variance in university GPA across three years of a degree |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-19 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — juan-carlos-pérez-gonzález-2022 |
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