Percentage of on-task time predicts pretest and posttest performance but not pre-to-post learning gains in cooperative learning¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r1–r2 · q2 · i0 negligible
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Overall percentage of on-task time was associated with both pretest (β = 12.87, p = 0.04, marginal R² = 0.13) and posttest performance (β = 12.13, p = 0.03, marginal R² = 0.14). → Ido Davidesco 2026 q2 i0 Time on-task did not predict pre-to-post change (β = 0.30, p = 0.96, marginal R² = 0), suggesting the association reflects prior knowledge rather than learning. → Ido Davidesco 2026 (2)

Evidence¶

Ido Davidesco 2026¶

Ido Davidesco, Yushuang Liu, Kim Chaloner, Emma Laurent, Gabriella A. Ali, Sarah C. Creider, Sean Hughes, Laura Noejovich, Henry Valk, Dana Bevilacqua, David Poeppel & Suzanne Dikker. (2026). The dynamics of student engagement in cooperative science learning: a multimodal approach. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00457-z

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Linear mixed-effects analysis of 30 video-coded students' on-task percentages against test scores, with groups and students as random effects. The printed β coefficients are unstandardised regression coefficients, not standardised effect sizes.

"Linear mixed-effects analysis showed that students’overall percentage of on-task time was associated with both pretest ( β = 12.87, SE = 6.09, t(38) = 2.11, p =0 . 0 4 , m a r g i n a lR² = 0.13) and posttest performance (β = 12.13, SE = 5.41,t(27.52) = 2.24,p = 0.03, marginalR² = 0.14)."

Ido Davidesco 2026 (2)¶

Ido Davidesco, Yushuang Liu, Kim Chaloner, Emma Laurent, Gabriella A. Ali, Sarah C. Creider, Sean Hughes, Laura Noejovich, Henry Valk, Dana Bevilacqua, David Poeppel & Suzanne Dikker. (2026). The dynamics of student engagement in cooperative science learning: a multimodal approach. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00457-z

q2 · i0 · associational · r2

Same linear mixed-effects design predicting pre-to-post change from on-task percentage; the null result is printed with β = 0.30 and marginal R² = 0, a negligible printed association.

"Time on-task did not predict pre-to-post changes in student test performance (β = 0.30, SE = 5.34, t(28) = 0.06, p = 0.96, marginal R² = 0). In other words, it seems that time on-task is associated with students ’ prior knowledge rather than learning gains."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Greater percentage of off-task time predicts lower post-task group-work quality ratings — related
• Students in all three conditions learned significantly from the CSCL environment, with significant pretest-to-posttest gains in each condition — related
• Pre-test mathematical performance and self-efficacy are the most important predictors of post-test math performance in a random forest model — related
• Pre-to-post gains in cooperative science learning occur for listing cell organelles (d = 0.70) but not for describing their functions — related