PPI mega-analysis of 198 meta-analyses shows small-to-medium post-intervention effects persisting after bias adjustments¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Carr et al.'s (2023) mega-analysis reports small-to-medium post-intervention effect sizes for PPIs on wellbeing-related outcomes, robust to heterogeneity and publication-bias adjustments. → Lucciarini 2025

Evidence¶

Lucciarini 2025¶

Lucciarini, E., Carr, A., Bressoud, N., Boniwell, I., Audrin, C., Gay, P., & Burel, N. (2025). Evermore Wellbeing for Teens: A Scoping Review of Stand-alone and Brief Positive Psychology Interventions for Potential Use in Educational Settings. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10033-3

q3 · i? · review · r2

The review summarises Carr et al.'s (2023) mega-analysis of PPIs, which aggregates 198 meta-analyses. The review reports that "effect sizes remained within the small–to–medium range even after adjustments" for heterogeneity and publication bias; no single pooled effect size is quoted for this statement.

"Heterogeneity and publication bias were significant, but effect sizes remained within the small–to–medium range even after adjustments."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Gratitude PPIs were subcategorised into letters, lists, induction, and action variants during toolbox selection — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Scoping review identifies 64 brief, stand-alone, evidence-based PPIs potentially adaptable to classroom lesson timeframes — related