Systematic practise gives little warrant for markedly improving adults' quick visual perception; the slight poetry gain is attributed to familiarity with the poem¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 1910 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Inspection of practise data across periods gives little warrant that systematic practise enables adults to markedly improve quick visual perception. → Whipple 1910 q2 i? There is evidence of slight improvement in reading poetry (roughly one word), attributed to increased familiarity with the poem's peculiar style. → Whipple 1910 (2)

Evidence¶

Whipple 1910¶

Whipple, G. M. (1910). The effect of practise upon the range of visual attention and of visual apprehension. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://books.google.com/books?q=Whipple+effect+of+practise+range+of+visual+attention+apprehension

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Practise analysis of Table 4, where each period averaged three exposures (usually one daily for three days) across pictures, nonsense syllables, drawings, poetry and objects for three observers over about six weeks.

"Inspection of these data gives little warrant for the belief that systematic practise would enable an adult markedly to improve his ability for quick visual perception."

Whipple 1910 (2)¶

Whipple, G. M. (1910). The effect of practise upon the range of visual attention and of visual apprehension. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://books.google.com/books?q=Whipple+effect+of+practise+range+of+visual+attention+apprehension

q2 · i? · causal · r1

The article's qualification of the practise data: the seeming improvement with drawings in the sixth period was due to one very easy drawing, and any objects-test improvement would amount to less than one item on average.

"There is evidence of a slight improve- ment in reading poetry (amounting roughly to an increase of one word), but this may be attributed to increased famil- iarity with the peculiar style of the poem in use."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Visual Processing — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Longer exposures barely increase apprehension of nonsense material and objects, but materially increase perception of quickly assimilable sense-material such as poetry — related
• Individual differences in quick visual apprehension are striking and material-specific, negating the notion of a general ability to apprehend visually — related
• Practise has a very slight effect on the range of attention, explicable by habituation and grouping tricks rather than any expansion of the range itself — related
• The average range of visual attention for isolated letters lies between 4 and 5 letters (4.82), with only slight individual differences — related
• Practice gains are greater for nonsense material (average final gain 28%) than for sense-material (average final gain 10%). — related
• Practice effects in visual reproduction are specific: they transfer to new conditions only in proportion to identical ability-conditioning factors. — related
• Practice increases observers' ability to reproduce briefly exposed visual material, with final-over-initial gains ranging from 6% to 44% (average 22%). — related