Process mining shows low performers access solutions more and transition to hints after incorrect submissions more than high performers¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Process maps revealed that 30.58% of low-performing students accessed solutions at least once versus 8.13% of high-performing students, and 22.31% of low performers accessed a hint immediately after an incorrect submission versus 16.26% of high performers. → Hou 2025 q2 i? For high performers, hint use was followed by a correct response (46.34%) more often than an incorrect response (31.71%). → Hou 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Hou 2025¶

Hou, C., Kuhlmann, S. L., Greene, J. A., Bernacki, M. L., & Hogan, K. A. (2025). Process mining measures students' help-seeking transitions when completing assignments in an online learning and assessment platform. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-025-09442-0

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Process discovery (heuristics/inductive mining) on 150,763 digital events from 482 students produced per-quartile process maps with fitness scores of 0.9997–0.9998. Node frequencies showed "30.58% of students in the low-performing group" accessed solutions versus 8.13% of high performers; flows showed 22.31% versus 16.26% hint-after-incorrect transitions.

"8.13% of students in the high-performing group accessed solutions at least once, while 30.58% of students in the low-performing group did the same"

Hou 2025 (2)¶

Hou, C., Kuhlmann, S. L., Greene, J. A., Bernacki, M. L., & Hogan, K. A. (2025). Process mining measures students' help-seeking transitions when completing assignments in an online learning and assessment platform. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-025-09442-0

q2 · i? · associational · r2

The high-performing group's process map (Fig. 2a) showed most students began with a correct submission (96.75%) and about half sought hints (51.22%); hint use led to "a correct response (46.34%) more frequently than an incorrect response (31.71%)". This is a descriptive pattern from the process map, not a tested contrast.

"the use of hints resulted in a correct response (46.34%) more frequently than an incorrect response (31.71%), suggesting that the hints provided within the system helped high-performing students to answer correctly"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Frequency of correct quiz submissions differs across performance quartiles, with high performers submitting correct answers most often
• Frequency of incorrect quiz submissions differs across performance quartiles, with low performers submitting incorrect answers most often — related
• Exam scores correlate positively with correct submissions and negatively with incorrect submissions and solution access — related
• Low-performing students access solutions more often than higher-performing students, while hint access does not differ across quartiles — related