After REMind, children's expectations that confronting a bully would stop the bullying shifted toward a calibrated midpoint¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · designr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Expectation scores for the bully-related item moved significantly closer to the normative target of 50, reflecting that bullying may or may not stop. → Elaheh Sanoubari 2026
Evidence¶
Elaheh Sanoubari 2026¶
Elaheh Sanoubari, Neil Fernandes, Keith Rebello, Alicia Pan, Andrew Houston, and Kerstin Dautenhahn. (2026). Play-Testing REMind: Evaluating an Educational Robot-Mediated Role-Play Game. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00300 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.00300
q2 · i? · design · r2
One-tailed paired t-test on absolute distance from the normative target value in the same 18-child play-testing study. Scores decreased from 52.22 to 47.44 with "t(17) = –3.11, p = .003"; no effect size is printed.
"For the bully-related item (target = 50), expectation scores decreased from M = 52.22 to 47.44. A one-tailed paired t-test on distance from target showed a significant reduction, t(17) = –3.11, p = .003. This confirmed H2(a)."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Motivation — outcome: instruction changes it
Related Claims¶
- Children who chose to comfort the victim reported higher self-efficacy and victim-help expectations than those who chose to confront the bully (descriptive, imbalanced groups) — related
- During REMind, nearly all children reported feeling sad for the victim and attributed bystander inaction mainly to low confidence or fear of retaliation — related
- REMind did not significantly change children's expectations that defending would help the victim feel better — related
- REMind did not significantly increase measured empathy, but baseline human-directed empathy correlated positively with robot-directed empathy — related
- Playing REMind significantly increased children's perceived self-efficacy for defending peers — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
remind-calibrated-bully-outcome-expectations |
title |
After REMind, children's expectations that confronting a bully would stop the bullying shifted toward a calibrated midpoint |
description |
After REMind, children's expectations that confronting a bully would stop the bullying shifted toward a calibrated midpoint |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2026 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-11 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — elaheh-sanoubari-2026 |
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