With academic integrity reminders present, the exam-format effect on cheating rate disappears (Study 3 null)¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr3·q4
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
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q4 i? In Study 3, after students received academic integrity reminders, neither the gender effect nor the exam type effect on cheating rate was significant. → Li Zhao 2024
Evidence¶
Li Zhao 2024¶
Li Zhao, Junjie Peng, Shiqi Ke, Kang Lee. (2024). Effectiveness of Unproctored vs. Teacher-Proctored Exams in Reducing Students’ Cheating: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Field Experimental Study. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09965-z
q4 · i? · causal · r3
Study 3 (N = 191, Foundations of Psychology) added academic integrity reminders on the exam booklet cover page in both conditions of the same double-blind randomized design. Cheating rates were 9.4% unproctored vs. 16.8% proctored, but "the exam type effect was significant" was not supported: the difference was not statistically significant and equivalence was not tested.
"Neither the gender effect ( p = 0.349, BF01 = 8.98) nor the exam type effect was significant ( p = 0.131, BF01 = 37.99)."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Pre-exam academic integrity reminders significantly reduce cheating rates relative to no reminders, equally for both exam formats — reports the opposite
- Mini-meta-analysis: unproctored exams reduce both cheating rate and cheating extent across four studies, with no significant interactions with gender, course type, or reminders — reports the opposite
- Study 4 replicated lower cheating rates in unproctored exams with reminders present, though with anecdotal Bayes evidence — reports the opposite
- In Study 3, among students who cheated, cheating extent was lower in unproctored exams, with a gender by exam type interaction driven by male students — related
- Unproctored exams produce significantly lower cheating rates than teacher-proctored exams in actual course exams without integrity reminders — reports the opposite
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
reminders-eliminate-exam-format-rate-effect |
title |
With academic integrity reminders present, the exam-format effect on cheating rate disappears (Study 3 null) |
description |
With academic integrity reminders present, the exam-format effect on cheating rate disappears (Study 3 null) |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2024 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-22 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — li-zhao-2024 |
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