Study 4 replicated lower cheating rates in unproctored exams with reminders present, though with anecdotal Bayes evidence¶
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Evidence · 1 study · causalr3·q4
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
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q4 i? In Study 4, the cheating rate was 3.5% unproctored vs. 12.3% proctored, with a significant exam type effect (OR = 0.26) but only anecdotal BF10 evidence. → Li Zhao 2024
Evidence¶
Li Zhao 2024¶
Li Zhao, Junjie Peng, Shiqi Ke, Kang Lee. (2024). Effectiveness of Unproctored vs. Teacher-Proctored Exams in Reducing Students’ Cheating: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Field Experimental Study. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09965-z
q4 · i? · causal · r3
Study 4 (N = 166, Foundations of Education, reminders present) used the same double-blind randomized design. The logistic regression showed a significant exam type effect with "odds ratio (OR) = 0.26"; the article characterizes the BF10 = 0.79 as anecdotal evidence for the lower unproctored rate. Cheating extent did not differ between formats.
"The main effect of exam type was significant, β = –1.35, SEβ = 0.68, Wald χ2 (df = 1) = 3.94, p = 0.047, odds ratio (OR) = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.07 -0.98, BF10 = 0.79."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Pre-exam academic integrity reminders significantly reduce cheating rates relative to no reminders, equally for both exam formats — related
- Mini-meta-analysis: unproctored exams reduce both cheating rate and cheating extent across four studies, with no significant interactions with gender, course type, or reminders — a broader claim this one bears on
- With academic integrity reminders present, the exam-format effect on cheating rate disappears (Study 3 null) — reports the opposite
- In Study 3, among students who cheated, cheating extent was lower in unproctored exams, with a gender by exam type interaction driven by male students — related
- Unproctored exams produce significantly lower cheating rates than teacher-proctored exams in actual course exams without integrity reminders — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
study4-unproctored-rate-replication-reminders |
title |
Study 4 replicated lower cheating rates in unproctored exams with reminders present, though with anecdotal Bayes evidence |
description |
Study 4 replicated lower cheating rates in unproctored exams with reminders present, though with anecdotal Bayes evidence |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2024 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-22 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — li-zhao-2024 |
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