The negative effect of retention on dropping out versus graduating is larger for Black students than White students¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q3 · i2 medium
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i2 In the retention x ethnicity interaction, Black students showed a larger effect of retention than White students on dropping out rather than graduating (odds ratio = 5.97, p = .041). → Hughes 2018 q3 i? Hispanic students did not differ from White students in the effect of retention on dropout versus graduation (p = .857). → Hughes 2018 (2)

Evidence¶

Hughes 2018¶

Hughes, J. N., West, S. G., Kim, H., & Bauer, S. S. (2018). Effect of Early Grade Retention on School Completion: A Prospective Study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(7), 974-991. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000243

q3 · i2 · associational · r2

Moderator analysis using logistic-regression propensity score weights on the graduation versus dropout contrast. The article reports "a retention x ethnicity interaction" with the printed interaction contrast statistic and odds ratio = 5.97.

"Blacks showed a larger effect of retention than whites, dropping out rather than graduating from high school at a higher rate (for interaction contrast, z = 2.05, p = .041, odds ratio = 5.97)."

Hughes 2018 (2)¶

Hughes, J. N., West, S. G., Kim, H., & Bauer, S. S. (2018). Effect of Early Grade Retention on School Completion: A Prospective Study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(7), 974-991. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000243

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Same moderator analysis: the Hispanic-versus-White contrast on the dropout-versus-graduation effect was not significant, with only the printed test statistic and odds ratio = 1.17 reported; no effect size is printed.

"No differences were found in the effects of retention on rates of graduation versus drop out for Hispanics relative to Whites, z = 0.18, p = .857, odds ratio = 1.17."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Retention in grades 1-5 increases the odds of dropping out of high school rather than graduating, above propensity to be retained — a broader claim this one bears on
• Parent education level did not moderate the effect of retention on school completion — related
• A significant retention x ethnicity x gender interaction indicates the negative effect of retention is strongest for African American and Hispanic girls — related
• Early grade retention did not significantly affect the likelihood of earning a GED versus graduating from high school — related