New facts related to students' prior disciplinary knowledge are better remembered after 24 hours than schema-unrelated facts¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Retrieval test performance after learning new facts in the scanner showed a substantial effect of prior knowledge, with schema-related facts remembered better than schema-unrelated facts. → van Kesteren 2014

Evidence¶

van Kesteren 2014¶

van Kesteren, M. T. R., Rijpkema, M., Ruiter, D. J., Morris, R. G. M., & Fernández, G. (2014). Building on Prior Knowledge: Schema-dependent Encoding Processes Relate to Academic Performance. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 26(10), 2250–2261. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00630

q3 · i? · causal · r1

Behavioral retrieval test of 31 analyzed second-year undergraduates (19 biology, 12 education) 24 hr after encoding 200 factual sentences in the MRI scanner. Schema-related accuracy was "67.4% [ SD = 11%] correct" versus 50.2% (SD = 9%) for schema-unrelated, t(30) = 10.04, p < .001; both conditions exceeded the 33% chance level.

"retrieval test performance after learning new facts inside the scanner showed a substantial effect of prior knowledge on learning new information ( t(30) = 10.04, p < .001, schema-related = 67.4% [ SD = 11%] correct, schema-unrelated = 50.2% [ SD = 9%] correct)"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Encoding reaction times do not differ between schema-related and schema-unrelated trials — related
• Students already show a pretest congruency effect: existing knowledge yields better baseline performance for schema-related questions — related
• Successful encoding of schema-related information recruits the mPFC whereas successful encoding of schema-unrelated information recruits the medial temporal lobe — related
• mPFC activity during schema-related encoding predicts normalized second-year course grades, with no such relation for MTL activity — related