Self-efficacy predicts cluster membership, with the article concluding self-efficacy may play a foundational role in the cluster difference¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q2 · i0 negligible
Currency · newest study 2026 · checked against its sources 2026-10-20 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i0 Binary logistic regression with GSE score predicting cluster membership was significant (χ2(234) = −3.4962, p < .0001; OR = 1.08, 95% CI [1.053, 1.117]); SeBIS and Pew showed no significant results. → Adama 2026

Evidence¶

Adama 2026¶

Adama, V., Biddle, R., Arachchilage, N., & Lottridge, D. (2026). Confident yet Concerned: Inconsistencies in Computing Students' Attitudes on Cybersecurity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18541 doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.18541

q2 · i0 · associational · r1

Binary logistic regression on the survey of 236 participants with GSE score predicting cluster membership. The article prints "OR = 1.08, 95% CI = [1.053, 1.117]", a small printed odds ratio, and reports the same test on SeBIS and Pew showed no significant results.

"We conducted a binary logistic regression with GSE score as the pre- dictor, and cluster as the outcome. We found a significant result (χ 2(234) =−3.4962,p < .0001;OR= 1.08,95%CI= [1.053,1.117])."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Motivation — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Self-Efficacy — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Computing students show high objective cybersecurity knowledge, with over 75% answering five or more of seven Pew questions correctly — related
• Security intentions and objective knowledge correlate with preparedness, and self-efficacy correlates with confidence — related
• Two attitude clusters differ significantly on preparedness, confidence, and interest (p<.0001), with Cluster 1 lower on Pew and GSE but not SeBIS, and reporting more word-of-mouth learning — related
• Low- and high-proficiency EFL learners differ significantly in self-efficacy, intrinsic goal orientation, and test anxiety — related
• Students' confidence and readiness correlate mostly with self-efficacy and collaboration rather than with formal instruction — related
• Adult learners' motivational profiles differ significantly in self-efficacy, learning strategies and behavioral engagement: the good-quality motivation group scores higher on all three, the high-quantity group on strategies and engagement only — related
• AI pedagogical orientation strongly predicts self-reported AI use across research, teaching, and other professional domains — related