Item reduction produced a validated five-item PU scale (α = 0.899) and a six-item PEoU scale for gamified EFL contexts¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The PU scale was cut from 13 to five items with internal consistency of 0.899. → Zhanni Luo 2024 q2 i? Six of 10 items were retained for the PEoU scale. → Zhanni Luo 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Zhanni Luo 2024¶

Zhanni Luo. (2024). Factors contributing to teachers' acceptance intention to gamified EFL tools: a scale development study. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10249-6

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Scale-shortening step following DeVellis (2003), using factor loadings and the SPSS function Cronbach's alpha if item deleted; the article reports alpha dropped from 0.943 to 0.923 then to "0.899" for the five retained PU items.

"Eventually, this study obtained five survey items with the value of the internal consistency of 0.899."

Zhanni Luo 2024 (2)¶

Zhanni Luo. (2024). Factors contributing to teachers' acceptance intention to gamified EFL tools: a scale development study. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10249-6

q2 · i? · design · r2

Same item-reduction procedure applied to the PEoU items in the 512-teacher dataset; the article reports six of ten items were retained for the PEoU-GLT scale.

"Following the same procedure, there were six items retained out of 10 items measuring teachers' perceived ease of use (PEoU) of gamified learning tools in secondary schools (PEoU-GLT)"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• In the EFA with 512 secondary school teachers, only two factors (PU and PEoU) were extracted from the proposed six-factor acceptance framework — related
• Most proposed constructs showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha above 0.70) but control variables did not and were removed — related
• Perceived enjoyment merged statistically with PU, and perceived risks merged with PEoU, indicating face-validity problems for the proposed constructs — related