A narrative review reports that the signaling studies it cites found higher learning outcomes with signaled multimedia (illustrations with labeled text) than without¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · reviewr1·q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Evidence quality · No study behind this claim is a peer-reviewed article with a DOI: it rests on a source with no registered publication record (a web page, book or unpublished report). It is kept because 4 design pages cite it; treat it as a lead to check, not an established finding.
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Studies the article cites found increased learning outcomes for learners given multimedia with signaling compared to learners given multimedia without signaling, with learners spending time reading labeled text and studying illustrations. → Marjorie Ceballos 2022
Evidence¶
Ceballos & Nutta 2022¶
Ceballos, M., & Nutta, J. W. (2022). Emergent bilinguals and multimedia instructional design: Applying the science of learning principles to dual language instruction. Education Leadership Review, 23(1). ERIC EJ1380081
q2 · i? · review · r1
Narrative review of signaling studies (Jian, 2019; Lin et al., 2017; Mason et al., 2013) attributed by the article: signaling groups outperformed no-signaling groups, and "learners spent time reading labeled text and studying the illustrations" (Mason et al., 2013). No effect sizes printed.
"Studies on the signaling principle revealed increased learning outcomes for learners provided with multimedia that incorporated signaling (i.e., illustrations with labeled text) when compared to learners provided with multimedia that did not apply the signaling principle"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Signaling Improves Learning — a broader claim this one bears on
- Clear Structure Improves Learning — related
- Signaling principle: highlighting essential words improves transfer from multimedia lessons — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- In a multimedia animation, participants focused more on signalled objects and detected fewer changes in other screen areas — related
- The change on the object being verbally described was the most detected change, seen by 10 of 12 participants (83.33%) — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
signaling-principle-increased-learning-outcomes |
title |
A narrative review reports that the signaling studies it cites found higher learning outcomes with signaled multimedia (illustrations with labeled text) than without |
description |
A narrative review reports that the signaling studies it cites found higher learning outcomes with signaled multimedia (illustrations with labeled text) than without |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-02 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — ceballos-nutta-2022 |
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