In a multimedia animation, participants focused more on signalled objects and detected fewer changes in other screen areas¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · qualitative r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Evidence quality · No study behind this claim is a peer-reviewed article with a DOI: it rests on a source with no registered publication record (a web page, book or unpublished report). It is kept because 2 design pages cite it; treat it as a lead to check, not an established finding.

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Participants focused more on the objects being signalled and less detected the changes in other areas of the screen. → Mutlu-Bayraktar 2018

Evidence¶

Mutlu-Bayraktar 2018¶

Mutlu-Bayraktar, D. & Bayram, S. (2018). Effects of cueing and signaling on change blindness in multimedia learning environment. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 11(1), 128–139. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1205386

q2 · i? · qualitative · r1

Small-group case study of 21 undergraduates studying a multimedia animation on computer components, with eye movements, mouse movements and voice recorded. The conclusion reports that participants "focused more on the objects being signalled" and missed changes elsewhere.

"It appears that the participants focused more on the objects being signalled and less detected the changes in other areas of the screen."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Relevancy of emphasized text directs attention and influences test performance — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Clear Structure Improves Learning — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Change in the most-focused central object was detected at a low rate (41.66%) unless it was signalled and cued — related
• Among two objects with the same signalling, participants focused more on the arrow-cued object, and the change occurred in the un-cued object — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Changes were detected more easily on screens presenting fewer objects (66.66%) — related
• The change on the object being verbally described was the most detected change, seen by 10 of 12 participants (83.33%) — related
• Signaling (cueing) increases learning and reduces cognitive load in multimedia — related
• Signaling with on-screen text, color, contrast, or symbols improves retention and transfer from animations and video — related
• In a change detection task, adults outperform 4-to-5-year-olds on cued shapes while children outperform adults on uncued shapes — related
• Body movements and positions focusing on virtual objects, and shifts away from or around them, signal key interactional collaborative events in shared VR — related
• Producers signal their own argumentative position with arrows pointing toward their own arguments and more boxes around own arguments — related
• A narrative review reports that the signaling studies it cites found higher learning outcomes with signaled multimedia (illustrations with labeled text) than without — related