Associations between SLD stigma and academic performance are small, based on very few studies, and less robust than stigma's associations with psychological outcomes¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Only three studies (five effect sizes) examined SLD stigma and academic performance; one found no significant association and two found small negative associations, so the review concludes it cannot establish robust stigma–academic-performance associations. → Haft Stephanie L. 2023

Evidence¶

Haft Stephanie L. 2023¶

Haft Stephanie L., Greiner de Magalhães Caroline, Hoeft Fumiko. (2023). A Systematic Review of the Consequences of Stigma and Stereotype Threat for Individuals With Specific Learning Disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194221087383

q2 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3

Review synthesis of the three studies (five effect sizes) relating SLD stigma to academic performance. The review reports one null association and two small negative ones, and states "the present review is unable to conclude that SLD stigma shows robust associations with academic performance outcomes in individuals with SLDs."

"One study did not find a significant association between SLD stigma and academic performance (Fleming & Wated, 2016), and two of the three studies found that greater SLD stigma was associated with worse performance on academic measures (Haft et al., 2019; F. Zhao et al., 2019)—these effect sizes were all small in magnitude."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Stigma awareness is associated with higher academic anxiety and lower intrinsic motivation among elementary-age children
• Greater SLD stigma is associated with lower self-esteem, with a pooled medium-sized correlation (r = −.39) across nine effect sizes from six studies
• Experimental stereotype threat effects in SLD samples are heterogeneous (Hedges's g 0.06–1.16), with effects more robust for motivation-related psychological outcomes than for cognitive or academic performance outcomes — related
• Greater SLD stigma is generally associated with less optimal psychological adjustment (anxiety, depression, coping, self-efficacy, quality of life), though most associations could not be meta-analytically pooled — related