Greater SLD stigma is associated with lower self-esteem, with a pooled medium-sized correlation (r = −.39) across nine effect sizes from six studies¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Across six studies pooling nine effect sizes, greater endorsement of SLD stigma was significantly associated with less reported self-esteem (r = −.39, 95% CI [−.60, −.24], p = .002), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 42.2%). → Haft Stephanie L. 2023

Evidence¶

Haft Stephanie L. 2023¶

Haft Stephanie L., Greiner de Magalhães Caroline, Hoeft Fumiko. (2023). A Systematic Review of the Consequences of Stigma and Stereotype Threat for Individuals With Specific Learning Disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194221087383

q3 · i3 · quant-synthesis · r3

Meta-analysis using robust variance estimation with a random-effects model pooled nine correlation coefficients from six studies of SLD stigma and self-esteem (including one self-worth measure). The pooled association was "statistically significant and negative overall association (r = −.39, 95% CI = [−.60, −.24], p = .002)" with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 42.2%, τ2 = 0.014); sensitivity analyses found no outliers.

"In pooling the nine effect sizes (correlation coefficients) from six studies of the association between SLD stigma and self-esteem, there was a statistically significant and negative overall association (r = −.39, 95% CI = [−.60, −.24], p = .002). There was moderate heterogeneity in effect sizes (I2 = 42.2%, τ2 = 0.014)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• SLD stigma effects on psychological adjustment appear in middle childhood as well as adolescence, and no discernible age pattern emerged across the reviewed studies
• Greater SLD stigma is generally associated with less optimal psychological adjustment (anxiety, depression, coping, self-efficacy, quality of life), though most associations could not be meta-analytically pooled
• Associations between SLD stigma and academic performance are small, based on very few studies, and less robust than stigma's associations with psychological outcomes
• Experimental stereotype threat effects in SLD samples are heterogeneous (Hedges's g 0.06–1.16), with effects more robust for motivation-related psychological outcomes than for cognitive or academic performance outcomes — related