National out-of-school suspension rates rose from 4% in 1973 to a peak of 7% in 2009–10, then fell to 5% by 2017–18 while remaining above 1970s levels¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q2 i? The overall K–12 out-of-school suspension rate increased from 4% in 1973 to 7% in 2009–10 and decreased to 5% in 2017–18, still higher than in the 1970s and early 1980s. → Leung-Gagné 2022
Evidence¶
Leung-Gagné 2022¶
Leung-Gagné, M., McCombs, J., Scott, C., & Losen, D. J. (2022). Pushed out: Trends and disparities in out-of-school suspension. Learning Policy Institute. https://doi.org/10.54300/235.277
q2 · i? · associational · r2
Analysis of CRDC suspension data for select years from 1973 to 2017–18, disaggregated by race, disability status, and school level. The report states the "overall suspension rate increased from 4% in 1973 to 7% in the 2009–10 school year" and later fell to 5% in 2017–18.
"The overall suspension rate increased from 4% in 1973 to 7% in the 2009–10 school year."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Out-of-school suspension decreased in 48 states and Washington, DC between 2011–12 and 2017–18, but in five states the decline came with an even larger increase in in-school suspensions — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- Exclusionary discipline rates declined for all student subgroups in Maryland from 2009/10 to 2017/18 — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- In Maryland, disciplinary removals (out-of-school suspensions and expulsions) declined over the past 10 years while discipline disparities persisted — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- Secondary suspension risk declined and the racial gap narrowed slightly since 2009-10, while elementary rates did not decline and some districts saw large increases — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- Black students are suspended at the highest rate of any racial group, at 12% in 2017–18, with persistent disparities across all years analyzed — related
- Secondary school suspension rates varied greatly across states in 2017–18, from 15% in Mississippi, South Carolina, and Washington, DC to 3% in Utah — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
suspension-rates-rose-then-declined-1973-2018 |
title |
National out-of-school suspension rates rose from 4% in 1973 to a peak of 7% in 2009–10, then fell to 5% by 2017–18 while remaining above 1970s levels |
description |
National out-of-school suspension rates rose from 4% in 1973 to a peak of 7% in 2009–10, then fell to 5% by 2017–18 while remaining above 1970s levels |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-10 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — leung-gagné-2022 |
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