Sex and special education status did not significantly moderate SWPBIS effects on teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Sex × SWPBIS and special education × SWPBIS interactions were not significant for bullying or rejection, suggesting main effects apply broadly. → Waasdorp TE 2012
Evidence¶
Waasdorp TE 2012¶
Waasdorp TE, Bradshaw CP, Leaf PJ. (2012). The Impact of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on Bullying and Peer Rejection: A Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012;166(2):149-156. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.755
q3 · i? · causal · r3
Post hoc moderator tests in the group randomized trial found null interactions for sex, special education, and ethnicity; the authors interpret that "the main effects are rather robust" for all children within schools. Null results; equivalence was not tested.
"none of the other potential effect modifiers, such as sex, special education receipt, or ethnicity, proved to be significant, this finding is promising because it sug- gests that the main effects are rather robust"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- SWPBIS reduces the rate of increase in teacher-reported bullying perpetration over elementary school — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it¶
- SWPBIS reduces the rate of increase in teacher-reported peer rejection over elementary school — related
- Teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection rose over four years of elementary school in both SWPBIS and comparison schools — related
- SWPBIS effects on peer rejection appeared strongest for children first exposed in earlier grades, the one significant grade-cohort interaction among those tested — related
- SWPBIS effects on discipline referrals and school services tended to be greatest among children rated at-risk or high-risk at baseline — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
swpbis-main-effects-robust-across-demographics |
title |
Sex and special education status did not significantly moderate SWPBIS effects on teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection |
description |
Sex and special education status did not significantly moderate SWPBIS effects on teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
weak |
newest_evidence |
2012 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-14 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — waasdorp-te-2012 |
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