SWPBIS effects on peer rejection appeared strongest for children first exposed in earlier grades, the one significant grade-cohort interaction among those tested¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i? A significant grade-cohort × SWPBIS interaction emerged for rejection: children in higher grades in comparison schools showed greater increases in rejection relative to age-mates in SWPBIS schools. → Waasdorp TE 2012

Evidence¶

Waasdorp TE 2012¶

Waasdorp TE, Bradshaw CP, Leaf PJ. (2012). The Impact of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on Bullying and Peer Rejection: A Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012;166(2):149-156. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.755

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Post hoc cross-level interaction from the same HLM models (grade cohort × SWPBIS γ = −0.0451, t = −2.17, P < .05, Table 3). The article states "children in higher grades in comparison schools showed greater increases in rejection relative to their age-mates in SWPBIS schools."

"The 1 significant cross-level interaction effect indicated that children in higher grades in comparison schools showed greater increases in rejection relative to their age-mates in SWPBIS schools"

Discussion¶

The title follows the article's abstract, which reads the interaction as "suggesting that the effects of SWPBIS on rejection were strongest among children who were first exposed to SWPBIS at a younger age". The entry records the result itself, in the article's results wording: children in higher grades in comparison schools showed greater increases in rejection than their age-mates in SWPBIS schools. The page records both; it does not settle how the second supports the first.

Learner Variables¶

Age and Developmental Stage — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

SWPBIS reduces the rate of increase in teacher-reported peer rejection over elementary school — a broader claim this one bears on
Teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection rose over four years of elementary school in both SWPBIS and comparison schools — related
SWPBIS effects on prosocial behavior and emotion regulation are strongest for children first exposed in kindergarten — related
Sex and special education status did not significantly moderate SWPBIS effects on teacher-rated bullying and peer rejection — related

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`swpbis-earlier-exposure-stronger-rejection-effect`
`title`	`SWPBIS effects on peer rejection appeared strongest for children first exposed in earlier grades, the one significant grade-cohort interaction among those tested`
`description`	`SWPBIS effects on peer rejection appeared strongest for children first exposed in earlier grades, the one significant grade-cohort interaction among those tested`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`moderate`
`newest_evidence`	`2012`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-14`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `waasdorp-te-2012`

Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.