Young children maintain correct responses more easily than they withdraw incorrect responses on an L2 vocabulary task¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? At both time points, children found it easier to keep correct responses than to withdraw incorrect responses. → Palladino 2025
Evidence¶
Palladino 2025¶
Palladino, P., Trotta, E., Bonvino, A., Carlucci, L., & Cottini, M. (2025). How do you feel during English class? Emotions and metacognition in primary school children learning English as a second language. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-025-09414-4
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Additional t tests compared metacognitive control of correct versus incorrect responses within each administration point, using the green-box/red-box maintenance-withdrawal procedure. The authors suggest detecting incorrect responses may develop later than detecting correct ones.
"it was easier for children to keep correct responses than to withdraw incorrect responses, t(227) = 7.16, p <.001, d = 0.47, for Time 0, and t(226) = 6.12, p <.001, d = 0.41, for Time 1."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- English vocabulary correlates with confidence and metacognitive control at both time points but with monitoring accuracy only at T0, and with only the negative emotions boredom and anxiety at T1 — related
- Children aged 5 to 8 show metacognitive sensitivity in a nonverbal wagering task, betting more on correct than incorrect discriminations — related
- Children's metacognitive judgments are not explained by baseline risk preferences or response-time cues — related
- Metacognitive confidence judgments and control predict English vocabulary performance from the beginning to the end of the school year in primary school children — related
- Better metacognitive monitoring and control at the start of the year are correlated with lower boredom and anxiety about English at year's end — related
- Children as young as 4 years can reason about their relative confidence by selecting which of two questions they feel most sure of answering — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
withdrawal-harder-than-maintenance-l2-metacognitive-control |
title |
Young children maintain correct responses more easily than they withdraw incorrect responses on an L2 vocabulary task |
description |
Young children maintain correct responses more easily than they withdraw incorrect responses on an L2 vocabulary task |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2025 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-18 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — palladino-2025 |
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