Children aged 5 to 8 show metacognitive sensitivity in a nonverbal wagering task, betting more on correct than incorrect discriminations¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1–r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2019: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Children aged 5-8 placed high-risk bets more often on correct trials than incorrect trials in both number and emotion discrimination tasks. → Vo 2014 q3 i? Phi, gamma, and A'ROC were significantly above chance in both conditions across age groups. → Vo 2014 (2)

Evidence¶

Vo 2014¶

Vo, V. Y., Li, R., Kornell, N., Pouget, A., & Cantlon, J. F. (2014). Young Children Bet On Their Numerical Skills: Metacognition in the Numerical Domain. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614538458

q3 · i? · causal · r2

In the wagering experiment with 45 children (M = 6y7m), children made binary discriminations then wagered tokens on their accuracy. The article reports "Children made significantly more high bets following correct trials than incorrect trials" in both conditions.

"Children made significantly more high bets following correct trials than incorrect trials (number: t(88) = −4.08, p < .001; emotion: t(88) = −3.76, p < .001)."

Vo 2014 (2)¶

Vo, V. Y., Li, R., Kornell, N., Pouget, A., & Cantlon, J. F. (2014). Young Children Bet On Their Numerical Skills: Metacognition in the Numerical Domain. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614538458

q3 · i? · causal · r1

Metacognitive sensitivity measured via phi, gamma, and A'ROC exceeded chance for all age groups in both conditions; for all subjects, number phi = 0.22 and emotion phi = 0.22 (Table 1). Discrimination accuracy was above chance (number M = 0.80; emotion M = 0.77).

"Phi coefficients were significantly greater than zero in both the number and emotion conditions for all age groups (Table 1)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Children show marginal overconfidence in numerical judgments and underconfidence in emotion judgments — related
• Accuracy and the proportion of high bets decrease with increasing discrimination difficulty in both domains — related
• Metacognitive sensitivity is domain-specific in early childhood: number-domain and emotion-domain measures are uncorrelated — related
• Children's metacognitive judgments are not explained by baseline risk preferences or response-time cues — related
• Metacognitive sensitivity increases with age between 5 and 8 years, similarly across number and emotion domains — related
• Numerical metacognition, but not emotion metacognition, predicts children's standardized mathematics achievement — related
• Young children maintain correct responses more easily than they withdraw incorrect responses on an L2 vocabulary task — related