Higher-order thinking ability improved significantly in both the experimental and control groups after learning activities¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q2 i? Both groups showed statistically significant enhancement of higher-order thinking ability from pretest to posttest (Wilcoxon test, Sig. less than 0.05). → Damianus D. Samo 2017

Evidence¶

Damianus D. Samo 2017¶

Damianus D. Samo, Darhim & Bana Kartasasmita. (2017). Developing Contextual Mathematical Thinking Learning Model to Enhance Higher-Order Thinking Ability for Middle School Students. International Education Studies, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n12p17

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Wilcoxon test applied because the experiment group's pretest data were not normally distributed (pretest Sig. .061). The article reports the enhancement was "significant in both groups after learning activities"; no effect size is printed.

"The test results, the probability value (Sig.) is less than 0.05, so it can be concluded that strengthening higher-order thinking ability are significant in both groups after learning activities."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

Critical Thinking — outcome: instruction changes it

Students taught with the contextual mathematical thinking learning model showed significantly higher enhancement of higher-order thinking ability than the control group — related
Both experimental and control students showed significant pre-to-post gains on the Newton's Laws achievement test — a broader claim this one bears on
Across all four measured HOTS skills, the experimental group's posttest means exceeded the control group's, and pretest-posttest values were significantly linear — related
Both experimental and control groups improved significantly from pretest to posttest over the four-month period — a broader claim this one bears on
Both experimental and control groups improved their proportional reasoning scores from pretest to posttest — a broader claim this one bears on

Page metadata

Field	Value
`status`	`review`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-11-02`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content

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