Four-category taxonomy of adaptive and maladaptive congruence/incongruence¶

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Evidence · 1 claim (1 for) · 1 study (1 theoretical), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 1 claim rests on one study

Description¶

The article proposes that congruence and incongruence of communication must be analyzed situationally, yielding four categories: adaptive congruence (open honest communication in close intimate relationships), maladaptive congruence (communicating true feelings when socially inappropriate), maladaptive incongruence (not saying what one truly feels when genuine communication is warranted), and adaptive incongruence (withholding truth when truth-telling would be socially inappropriate, as in etiquette). The authors propose "that an analysis of interpersonal interactions will show that there arc four categories of congtuence/incongruence situational patterns."

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Analysis must view the interplay of expectancies in the context of a situation rather than in a vacuum

Constraints¶

• The taxonomy is developed for the simplest case of interaction, the dyad

Target Learners¶

• children and adults learning interpersonal communication

Target Learning Objectives¶

• learning when and where, and with whom to be congruent and incongruent

Claims¶

• Congruence Varies With Situation Importance And Relationship [+M]

Related Theories¶

• Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: Relational Domain
• Taxonomy development for technology: a four-step research approach to visualize the totality of technology

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Duke, Marshall P. and Nowicki, Stephen. (1979). A Social Learning Theory Conceptualization of Interpersonal Relationships. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED183975