Perceptual Learning as the theoretical framework underlying FH2T's design¶

Theory · All theories
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

The Graspable Math team used the theory of Perceptual Learning to develop FH2T, aiming to deepen students' conceptual understanding of algebraic structure. The theory holds that "what people learn relies on what they observe and how they process information," and that with continuous exposure learners improve at extracting information through discovery and through fluency until extraction becomes automatic. Learners develop perception-action routines in which initially challenging cognitive tasks become automatically executed perception and action routines, like a chess master fluently filtering relevant information from the board.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Continuous exposure and experience acting in a given environment so learners get better at extracting information

Constraints¶

• The student and the game are situated within a context, so the teacher, classroom environment, curriculum, and other students shape how students interact with the game

Target Learners¶

• Students learning algebra in grades 6-12 mathematics classrooms

Target Learning Objectives¶

• Extracting relevant perceptual features of algebraic expressions
• Developing problem-solving fluency and recognition of algebraic structure

Claims¶

Related Theories¶

Examples¶

• From Here to There (FH2T): a game-based application teaching algebra through discovery-based puzzles with manipulable symbols and immediate feedback
• Expression-transformation puzzle: match a starting expression to an equivalent target form via valid operations

Key Sources¶

• Tarik Buli, Stefani Pautz Stephenson, Rebecca Banks, and Amanda Wortman. (2025). From Here to There (FH2T): Educator Perceptions of Game-Based Algebraic Learning. Digital Promise white paper. https://digitalpromise.dspacedirect.org/items/7dcf9d16-b5ad-4067-be9f-be30319b1185