Children with ADHD perform worse than controls on WISC-IV Coding but not on Coding Copy, indicating deficits beyond graphomotor speed¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Children with ADHD scored significantly lower than controls on WISC-IV Coding (ΔR2 = .177, p < .001) but did not differ on Coding Copy (ΔR2 = .000, p = .909). → Jacobson 2011

Evidence¶

Jacobson 2011¶

Jacobson, L. A., Ryan, M., Martin, R. B., Ewen, J., Mostofsky, S. H., Denckla, M. B., & Mahone, E. M. (2011). Working Memory Influences Processing Speed and Reading Fluency in ADHD. Child Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2010.532204

q3 · i? · associational · r2

In a cross-sectional comparison of 41 children with ADHD and 21 controls (ages 9-14), regression controlling for sex showed "significant group differences (ADHD < control) on the Coding subtest (ΔR2 = .177, p < .001)". Coding Copy showed no group difference (ΔR2 = .000, p = .909).

"Examining the subtests comprising the PSI, there were significant group differences (ADHD < control) on the Coding subtest (ΔR2 = .177, p < .001), but not on the Symbol Search subtest (ΔR2 = .054, p = .068)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Verbal and spatial working memory, and verbal attention span, explain unique variance in Coding beyond motor speed, symptom severity, and IQ — related
• Fourth graders with poor arithmetic-fact abilities (PoorAF) and matched controls did not differ on a perceptual shape-matching speed task — related
• Children with ADHD show lower oral contextual and non-contextual reading fluency than controls despite intact word reading — related
• Children with ADHD exhibit significantly lower visual-motor integration and math and written language achievement than Non-ADHD peers, but intact visual perception and reading — related
• Children with ADHD show significantly lower learning ability scores than control children — related
• Non-graphomotor processing speed (residualized Coding) predicts oral reading fluency similarly in children with and without ADHD — related
• Females outperform males on WISC processing speed (gS) with a medium advantage (d = -0.37), larger for Coding than Symbol search — related