Adolescents and adults perform equally well on the probabilistic reversal learning task overall¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2020: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Adolescents and adults did not differ significantly in overall accuracy or number of reversals on the task. → Hauser 2015

Evidence¶

Hauser 2015¶

Hauser, T. U., Iannaccone, R., Walitza, S., Brandeis, D., & Brem, S. (2015). Cognitive flexibility in adolescence: Neural and behavioral mechanisms of reward prediction error processing in adaptive decision making during development. Neuroimage, 104, 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.018

q3 · i? · associational · r1

Behavioral analysis of the same 19 adolescents and 17 adults performing the probabilistic reversal learning task. Accuracy was 73.83% in adults and 73.38% in adolescents with no significant difference (p = .769); the article also reports no group difference in the number of reversals (p = .341). No effect size is printed.

"Both groups performed the task equally well with 73.83% (± 4.4%) correct responses in adults and 73.38% (± 4.6%) in adolescents (t(34) = .296, p = .769)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Age and Developmental Stage — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Adolescents learn faster from negative reward prediction errors than adults in probabilistic reversal learning — related
• Adolescents showed a marginally decreased number of punishments before switching in reversal learning — related
• Stress-exposed adolescents show impaired cognitive flexibility in reversal learning — related
• Group-by-RPE interaction in the anterior insula without a general group effect in overall activation — related
• Adolescents show increased anterior insula responses specifically to negative reward prediction errors — related