Adolescents showed a marginally decreased number of punishments before switching in reversal learning¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Adolescents switched after marginally fewer punishments than adults, a marginally significant difference pointing to their increased negative-RPE learning rate. → Hauser 2015

Evidence¶

Hauser 2015¶

Hauser, T. U., Iannaccone, R., Walitza, S., Brandeis, D., & Brem, S. (2015). Cognitive flexibility in adolescence: Neural and behavioral mechanisms of reward prediction error processing in adaptive decision making during development. Neuroimage, 104, 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.018

q3 · i? · associational · r1

Secondary behavioral measure from the same probabilistic reversal learning task in 19 adolescents and 17 adults. The article reports a "marginally decreased number of punishments before the adolescents switched" (1.56 vs 1.71, p = .097); the difference did not reach the significance threshold and no effect size is printed.

"Interestingly, we found a marginally decreased number of punishments before the adolescents switched (t(34) = 1.71, p = .097, adolescents: 1.56 ± 0.22, adults: 1.71 ± 0.30)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Age and Developmental Stage — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Adolescents and adults perform equally well on the probabilistic reversal learning task overall — related
• Adolescents show increased anterior insula responses specifically to negative reward prediction errors — related
• Adolescents learn faster from negative reward prediction errors than adults in probabilistic reversal learning — a broader claim this one bears on
• Group-by-RPE interaction in the anterior insula without a general group effect in overall activation — related
• Reward prediction errors are positively correlated with putamen, vmPFC, amygdala and posterior cingulate and anticorrelated with aIns, dmPFC and dlPFC — related
• Number of rubric sessions interacts negatively with mean age: intervention length matters less for older students — related