Japanese participants change their aiming direction more frequently than Norwegian participants, regardless of previous hit or miss¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r1–r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Aim change probability was significantly higher in the Japanese group than the Norwegian group (ηp² = 0.16), with pooled means of 45% vs 26%. → Yamada 2025 q3 i3 The degree of aim change was significantly larger in the Japanese group (ηp² = 0.49) and larger after miss than hit trials (ηp² = 0.36). → Yamada 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Yamada 2025¶

Yamada, C., Itaguchi, Y., & Rodríguez-Aranda, C. (2025). Unconscious cultural cognitive biases in explicit processes of visuomotor adaptation. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00335-0

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

A two-way mixed ANOVA on the probability of aim change in the adaptation block of the cross-cultural experiment (24 per group) showed a significant cultural group effect, "ηp 2 = 0.16" (ηp² = 0.16), with pooled means of 45% (Japanese) and 26% (Norwegian).

"the change probability was signi ficantly higher in the Japanese group than in the Norwegian group,regardless ofwhether the cursor had hit the target on the previous trial (F(1,46) = 13.34,p < 0.001,ηp 2 = 0.16)"

Yamada 2025 (2)¶

Yamada, C., Itaguchi, Y., & Rodríguez-Aranda, C. (2025). Unconscious cultural cognitive biases in explicit processes of visuomotor adaptation. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00335-0

q3 · i3 · associational · r1

A two-way mixed ANOVA on the degree of aim change (difference in aimed landmarks across consecutive trials) found significant main effects of previous-trial outcome, "ηp 2 = 0.36" (ηp² = 0.36), and cultural group, "ηp 2 = 0.49" (ηp² = 0.49), with differences of 0.9° (Norwegian) vs 3.5° (Japanese).

"the degree of aim change after the ‘miss’trials was significantly larger than after the ‘hit’trials in both groups (F(1, 46) = 31.13, p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.36), and it was larger in the Japanese group ( F(1, 46) = 293.27, p < 0.001,ηp 2 = 0.49)"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Japanese participants change aiming direction frequently even after successfully hitting the target — related
• No correlation between the degree of target error and degree of aim change in either group — related
• Japanese participants show larger explicit aim than Norwegian participants during visuomotor adaptation — related
• Multi-state model parameters do not differ between Norwegian and Japanese groups — related
• Implicit motor learning measures do not differ between Norwegian and Japanese groups — related