Cyclic sighing weakly buffers boredom accumulation across days but shows no within-day time-locked modulation¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Controls' boredom rose from baseline during intervention while the breathwork group stayed near baseline; within-day contrasts showed no credible between-group difference. → Wang 2026

Evidence¶

Wang 2026¶

Wang, P., Ganushchak, L., Welie, C., & van Steensel, R. (2026). Learning proximal cyclic sighing buffers anxiety across learning moments and boredom across days. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00446-2

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Bayesian multilevel phase-contrast analysis of EMA boredom ratings from the 20-day RCT (n = 84). The breathwork group's boredom stayed near baseline (β = 0.02 intervention; β = 0.07 post); the intervention-phase within-day between-group difference was not credible (β = 0.05).

"In the control group, boredom rose from Baseline during the Intervention phase (β = 0.16, 95% HPD [0.02, 0.31]) and remained higher in the Post phase (β = 0.11, 95% HPD [−0.07, 0.28])."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Achievement Emotions — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Anxiety relief from cyclic sighing is time-locked to learning-proximal moments, with lower anxiety at 11:00/13:00/15:00 prompts than at 20:00 during intervention — related
• Cyclic sighing buffers phase-level anxiety accumulation: controls' anxiety rose across the intervention while the breathwork group stayed near baseline — related
• During breathwork, heart-rate coupling to anxiety and enjoyment weakened, and this altered affect–physiology coupling persisted into the post-intervention phase — related
• Scheduled cyclic sighing is feasible to implement in everyday language-learning routines, with high EMA completion and breathwork session fidelity — related