Adolescents with cochlear implants implanted by preschool age score just below the average range on standardized reading tests, with 47-66% within or above hearing norms¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2016: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? CI-HS students averaged a PIAT-R standard score of 83, with 47% scoring within or above one SD of hearing norms, and a TORC total of 90 with 66% within the expected range. → Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather 2011
Evidence¶
Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather 2011¶
Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather. (2011). Reading, Writing, and Phonological Processing Skills of Adolescents with 10 or More Years of Cochlear Implant Experience. Ear and Hearing. https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181fa41fa
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Assessment of 112 CI-HS students on the PIAT-R against the normative sample of typically-developing hearing students (mean = 100; SD = 15). The average standard score was 83 and "Almost half of the CI-HS students (47%) scored within or above one standard deviation of the mean". On the TORC the average total was 90 with 66% within the expected range.
"The average standard score for the CI-HS students was 83, which falls just below the cutoff representing the lower end of the average range for hearing age-mates. Almost half of the CI-HS students (47%) scored within or above one standard deviation of the mean"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Two-thirds to three-quarters of adolescent CI users score within the normal range on vocabulary and language content measures — related
- Most adolescents with cochlear implants maintain their reading standing relative to hearing norms from elementary school to high school — related
- Shorter duration of deafness, higher performance IQ, and lack of sign enhancement predict higher literacy in adolescents with cochlear implants — related
- Adolescents with cochlear implants spell significantly less accurately than hearing peers, though 55% spell within one standard deviation of them and 45% two or more below — related
- Adolescents with cochlear implants receive lower expository writing ratings than hearing peers across organization, content, language use, and vocabulary — related
- Teachers judged almost 70% of children with cochlear implants to be below their class median in academic performance — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
ci-adolescents-reading-within-or-near-average-range |
title |
Adolescents with cochlear implants implanted by preschool age score just below the average range on standardized reading tests, with 47-66% within or above hearing norms |
description |
Adolescents with cochlear implants implanted by preschool age score just below the average range on standardized reading tests, with 47-66% within or above hearing norms |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2011 |
recheck_by |
2016 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — geers-ann-e-hayes-heather-2011 |
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