Most adolescents with cochlear implants maintain their reading standing relative to hearing norms from elementary school to high school¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2016: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? 72% of the sample retained their reading standing relative to hearing norms between ages 8-9 and high school; the group mean PIAT standard score declined slightly from 89 to 83. → Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather 2011
Evidence¶
Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather 2011¶
Geers Ann E.; Hayes Heather. (2011). Reading, Writing, and Phonological Processing Skills of Adolescents with 10 or More Years of Cochlear Implant Experience. Ear and Hearing. https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181fa41fa
q3 · i? · associational · r2
Longitudinal comparison of PIAT-R standard scores at the CI-E (ages 8-9) and CI-HS sessions for the same students. "40% of the students (N = 45) scored within 1 SD of the normative average at both sessions" and 32% stayed below at both; 28% changed standing, most falling from average to below-average. Mean declined from 89 to 83.
"40% of the students (N = 45) scored within 1 SD of the normative average at both sessions while 32% (N = 36) scored more than 1 SD below hearing age mates at both test sessions"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Two-thirds to three-quarters of adolescent CI users score within the normal range on vocabulary and language content measures — related
- Adolescents with cochlear implants implanted by preschool age score just below the average range on standardized reading tests, with 47-66% within or above hearing norms — related
- Adolescents with cochlear implants spell significantly less accurately than hearing peers, though 55% spell within one standard deviation of them and 45% two or more below — related
- Shorter duration of deafness, higher performance IQ, and lack of sign enhancement predict higher literacy in adolescents with cochlear implants — related
- Adolescents with cochlear implants receive lower expository writing ratings than hearing peers across organization, content, language use, and vocabulary — related
- Baseline-to-final performance change was centered near zero with a mean of −1.83 — related
- DHH students in grades 2–8 continue to build reading and mathematics skills and do not necessarily plateau in the elementary grades — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
ci-students-maintain-reading-standing-over-time |
title |
Most adolescents with cochlear implants maintain their reading standing relative to hearing norms from elementary school to high school |
description |
Most adolescents with cochlear implants maintain their reading standing relative to hearing norms from elementary school to high school |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2011 |
recheck_by |
2016 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — geers-ann-e-hayes-heather-2011 |
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