District schools in most studied cities show consistently weaker performance growth than state averages, with exceptions including Denver¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2027: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? District schools in most of the studied cities show, on average, consistently weaker performance growth than corresponding state averages, though Denver district schools show continued positive growth and Baton Rouge, Camden, and San Antonio show positive late-window trends. → Margaret E. Raymond 2022
Evidence¶
Margaret E. Raymond 2022¶
Margaret E. Raymond, Won Fy Lee. (2022). City Studies Project Meta-Analysis by CREDO of Stanford University: Cohort 1 Cities. Center for Research on Education Outcomes, Stanford University. https://credo.stanford.edu/city-studies/
q2 · i? · associational · r2
Section 6 summary of district (TPS) school growth trends across the 10 cities versus state averages. The report states district schools show "consistently weaker performance growth than the corresponding state averages" in most cities, naming Denver, Baton Rouge, Camden, and San Antonio as exceptions.
"District schools in most cities included in this study show, on average, consistently weaker performance growth than the corresponding state averages during the study window. However, there are a few exceptions."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Charter schools in many of the 10 studied cities make overall positive contributions to students' learning growth relative to state averages — related
- Innovation school students mostly do not deviate from citywide growth trends, with Denver innovation schools an outperforming exception — related
- Black, Hispanic, and poverty students enrolled in charter schools show stronger growth trends than the same subgroups citywide in several cities — related
- Fort Worth charter school Black students outgrew Fort Worth district school Black students in reading, though the within-Fort Worth contrast was not statistically significant — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
- Magnet schools across the studied cities show strong positive impact on students' performance growth compared to state averages — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
credo-cohort1-district-weaker-growth-exceptions |
title |
District schools in most studied cities show consistently weaker performance growth than state averages, with exceptions including Denver |
description |
District schools in most studied cities show consistently weaker performance growth than state averages, with exceptions including Denver |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
recheck_by |
2027 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-08 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — margaret-e-raymond-2022 |
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