Adults with developmental dyslexia use arithmetic fact retrieval less frequently than matched controls during single-digit multiplication and subtraction¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2010 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Adults with dyslexia showed significantly less frequent retrieval use than matched controls across single-digit multiplication and subtraction. → Bert De Smedt 2010

Evidence¶

Bert De Smedt 2010¶

Bert De Smedt, Bart Boets. (2010). Phonological processing and arithmetic fact retrieval: Evidence from developmental dyslexia. Neuropsychologia, 48, 3973–3981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.10.018

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

Strategy-frequency ANOVA (2 operations × 2 groups) in a matched-groups study of 25 university students with dyslexia and 25 controls, with trial-by-trial verbal strategy reports on 28 problems per operation. The group main effect on retrieval frequency was significant, ηp² = .19; the Operation × Group interaction was not significant (F(1, 47) = 2.18, p = .15).

"There was also a main effect of group (F(1, 47) = 11.26, p < .01, /DC1p2 = .19), with participants with dyslexia showing significantly less frequent retrieval use."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Simple subtraction in adults relies heavily on strategy use, which disadvantages participants under limited working memory resources — related
• Adults with DD rely on time-consuming back-up strategies like finger usage for single-digit arithmetic, with prolonged response latencies that appear number-specific — related
• Adults with developmental dyslexia are slower than controls at speeded digit identification
• Adults with dyslexia execute both retrieval and procedural arithmetic strategies more slowly than controls
• The association between phonological awareness and fact retrieval is prominent in multiplication but largely absent in subtraction at the subgroup level
• Adults use a mix of retrieval and procedural strategies in single-digit arithmetic, with retrieval more frequent in multiplication and procedures more frequent in subtraction — a broader claim this one bears on
• Adults with dyslexia are slower than controls on single-digit arithmetic, with a larger multiplication-minus-subtraction reaction-time difference, even after controlling digit identification speed — related
• Working memory demand increases with the complexity of arithmetic and math problems, including operand size and number of solution steps — related
• Phonological awareness is uniquely associated with multiplication fact retrieval frequency, in both dyslexia and control groups — related