EMME study designs vary widely: most experiments added information, used dynamic scan-path visualizations, and over half did not report how eye movement data were processed¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · reviewr3·q2
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Across 78 experiments, most added information to the display, used dynamic visualizations, and showed scan paths; over half did not report their eye movement data processing, and in 48 experiments the control group differed in more than the presence or absence of the gaze visualization. → Emhardt 2023
Evidence¶
Emhardt 2023¶
Emhardt, S. N., Kok, E., van Gog, T., Brandt-Gruwel, S., van Marlen, T., & Jarodzka, H. (2023). Visualizing a Task Performer's Gaze to Foster Observers' Performance and Learning—a Systematic Literature Review on Eye Movement Modeling Examples. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09731-7
q2 · i? · review · r3
Review synthesis of coded design characteristics across all 78 experiments (Table 4); the review also reports that "Over half of the experiments did not report how they processed the eye movement data to create the EMME" and that heterogeneity makes it hard to infer design effects.
"most of the experiments added information to the display with the EMME, used a dynamic gaze visualization, and showed a performers' scan path"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Most EMME experiments that measured immediate learning scores reported at least one positive effect of gaze visualization on immediate learning — related
- Prior knowledge may moderate EMME effectiveness, but support for novices benefiting more is inconsistent across studies — related
- Gaze outcome measures showed the highest relative rates of positive EMME effects among the outcome categories reviewed — related
- Rationales for using EMME differ systematically by task domain: sports studies emphasize quiet-eye strategy, medical studies strategy plus attention guidance, and STEM studies more often social mechanisms — related
- In Quiet Eye Training literature, the EMME video is typically one component of a larger training package rather than the main manipulation — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
emme-design-heterogeneity |
title |
EMME study designs vary widely: most experiments added information, used dynamic scan-path visualizations, and over half did not report how eye movement data were processed |
description |
EMME study designs vary widely: most experiments added information, used dynamic scan-path visualizations, and over half did not report how eye movement data were processed |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2023 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-21 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — emhardt-2023 |
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