First Step to Success shows no discernible effects on reading achievement/literacy¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q3·i0negligible
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i0 Walker et al. (2009) found no statistically significant difference between treatment and comparison groups on oral reading fluency, and the WWC-rated domain effect was –0.04. → First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report 2012
Evidence¶
First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report 2012¶
First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report. (2012). What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport/179
q3 · i0 · causal · r2
RCT in Albuquerque Public Schools comparing 101 intervention with 97 control students on oral reading fluency and WJ-III DRB Letter-Word Identification. Domain-average effect size was –0.04; oral reading fluency showed p = 0.79, so neither outcome was statistically significant or substantively important.
"Walker et al. (2009) found, and the WWC confirmed, no statistically significant difference between treatment and comparison groups on oral reading fluency."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive but not statistically significant effects on emotional/internal behavior (effect size 0.26) — related
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive effects on other academic performance (SSRS Academic Competence, effect size 0.32) — related
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive effects on social outcomes (average improvement index +23) — related
- First Step to Success has positive effects on external behavior for children at risk for emotional disturbance (average improvement index +28) — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
first-step-success-no-reading-effects |
title |
First Step to Success shows no discernible effects on reading achievement/literacy |
description |
First Step to Success shows no discernible effects on reading achievement/literacy |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2012 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-07 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — first-step-to-success-wwc-intervention-report-2012 |
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