First Step to Success has positive effects on external behavior for children at risk for emotional disturbance (average improvement index +28)¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr1·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i3 Two RCTs meeting WWC evidence standards showed statistically significant positive effects on external behavior, with a domain-average effect size of 0.76. → First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report 2012
Evidence¶
First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report 2012¶
First Step to Success: WWC Intervention Report. (2012). What Works Clearinghouse, U.S. Department of Education. https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport/179
q3 · i3 · quant-synthesis · r1
WWC synthesis of two RCTs (46 kindergarteners in Oregon; about 198 students in grades 1–3 in New Mexico). Domain-average effect size was 0.76 (+28 improvement index); Walker et al. (1998) reported effect sizes such as "0.97" for academic engaged time and 1.17 for ESP Adaptive Behavior, all favoring the intervention group.
"Walker et al. (1998) found, and the WWC confirmed, four positive and statistically significant differences between treatment and comparison groups on academic engaged time, the Child Behavior Checklist–Teacher Report Forms (CBCL-TRF) Aggression Subscale, the Early Screening Project (ESP) Adaptive Behavior Subscale, and the ESP Maladaptive Behavior Subscale."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive but not statistically significant effects on emotional/internal behavior (effect size 0.26) — related
- First Step to Success shows no discernible effects on reading achievement/literacy — related
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive effects on social outcomes (average improvement index +23) — related
- Latent profile analysis of baseline teacher ratings identifies four classes of children's behavioral and social-emotional risk — related
- Early Risers shows no discernible effects on external behavior for children at risk of emotional disturbance classification — related
- First Step to Success shows potentially positive effects on other academic performance (SSRS Academic Competence, effect size 0.32) — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
first-step-success-positive-external-behavior |
title |
First Step to Success has positive effects on external behavior for children at risk for emotional disturbance (average improvement index +28) |
description |
First Step to Success has positive effects on external behavior for children at risk for emotional disturbance (average improvement index +28) |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2012 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-07 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — first-step-to-success-wwc-intervention-report-2012 |
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