Men show significantly lower autonomous regulation than women among adult learners¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2022: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Independent t tests showed men had significantly lower levels of autonomous regulation than women. → Ana Rothes 2017

Evidence¶

Ana Rothes 2017¶

Ana Rothes, Marina S. Lemos, and Teresa Gonçalves. (2017). Motivational Profiles of Adult Learners. Adult Education Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713616669588

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Independent samples t tests on the 188-participant sample (Table 2): male M = 3.36 (SD = 0.41) versus female M = 3.51 (SD = 0.43) for autonomous regulation, t = −2.45, p < .05. No significant gender differences appeared in the other measured variables.

"Independent t tests showed that men had significantly lower levels of autonomous regulation than women, and participants below the secondary education level had significantly higher levels of controlled regulation than participants above the secondary level."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Learning strategies relate to test anxiety: persistence positively, environmental structuring negatively, time management not significantly, and women report higher test anxiety — related
• Adult learners score much higher in autonomous than controlled regulation, with autonomous regulation mean 3.44 versus controlled 2.42 — related
• Adult learners below secondary education show higher controlled regulation and lower academic self-concept and learning strategies than those above it — related
• Women were less accurate than men on the opposites tests but were less mature and less advanced in scholarship — related
• In Study 1, women reported more epistemic conflict regulation than men — related