The literature is mixed on age differences in the accuracy of retrospective confidence judgments during recognition memory tests, with older adults sometimes producing more high-confidence false alarms and poorer resolution with deceptive lures¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Older adults are sometimes more likely to produce high-confidence false alarms and show poorer resolution in confidence judgments when the test situation encourages endorsement of deceptive, incorrect lures. → Hertzog C 2011

Evidence¶

Hertzog C 2011¶

Hertzog C, Dunlosky J. (2011). Metacognition in Later Adulthood: Spared Monitoring Can Benefit Older Adults' Self-regulation. Current Directions in Psychological Science. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3903298/

q2 · i? · review · r2

Narrative review statement: the literature is mixed on age differences in confidence-judgment accuracy; "Older adults are sometimes more likely to produce high-confidence false alarms" and show poorer resolution with deceptive lures, attributed to the cited studies.

"Older adults are sometimes more likely to produce high-confidence false alarms (e.g., Dodson, Bawa, & Krueger, 2007) and show poorer resolution in confidence judgments when the test situation encourages endorsement of deceptive, incorrect lures"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Older adults show lower JOL resolution only when recollection-based responses are contrasted with pooled familiarity and new responses, an outcome attributed to age-related decreases in strong recollective experiences at test — related
• FOK resolution for general-knowledge information is similar for younger and older adults, whereas the literature argues for a deficit in FOK resolution for episodic memory tasks in older adults — related
• Feeling-of-knowing resolution for episodic memory depends on underlying memory quality: repeated presentations raised FOK resolution for both age groups, with a larger benefit for older adults, and FOK resolution was at least as good for older adults tested with a 48-hour delay as for younger adults — related
• Older adults show higher retrospective metacognitive accuracy than young adults in the selection-only task, especially on homogeneous unit-digit problems, but comparable accuracy in the selection-execution task — related
• Eliciting confidence ratings leads to poorer metacognitive monitoring in older adults — related
• Pre-monitoring and retrospective confidence judgments are highly consistent, with most agreement at the highest scale level regardless of correctness — related
• Children's recognition choices overwhelmingly follow the alternative given the highest pre-monitoring judgment — related
• Young and older adults make accurate retrospective confidence judgments but not prospective ease-of-selection judgments about their arithmetic strategy selections — related
• Adults' confidence judgments track answer accuracy: confidence is higher on correct than incorrect general-knowledge trials (metacognitive monitoring) — related
• Children's confidence in endorsing statements indicates they were not confused by hybrid statements — related
• Students feel quite confident about their monitoring and regulation judgments even before self-scoring — related