All participants believed heritage learners perform better in classroom listening, but dialectal differences posed difficulties for HLLs that NHLLs did not notice¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Evidence quality · No study behind this claim is a peer-reviewed article with a DOI: it rests on a source with no registered publication record (a web page, book or unpublished report). It is kept because a design page cites it; treat it as a lead to check, not an established finding.

Subclaims¶

q2 i? All 23 participants answered that HLLs perform differently than NHLLs, citing better and/or faster performance due to early exposure to the language. → Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva 2015 q2 i? HLLs reported being confused by unfamiliar accents or dialects of Portuguese, while NHLLs believed HLLs had no difficulty with accents. → Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva 2015 (2)

Evidence¶

Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva 2015¶

Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva. (2015). Exploring Portuguese Heritage and Non-Heritage Learners' Perceptions of and Performance in Listening. The Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 18(1), 63-86. https://journals.sfu.ca/cjal/index.php/cjal

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Questionnaire item asking whether HLLs performed differently on textbook listening activities, coded yes/no with qualitative thematic analysis of explanations from both groups. Comments included "They have more exposure to the language."

"All participants in our study answered that HLLs perform differently than NHLLs. Learners opined that HLLs perform better and/or more quickly, mentioning a perceived advantage due to early exposure to the language."

Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva 2015 (2)¶

Denise Santos & Gláucia Silva. (2015). Exploring Portuguese Heritage and Non-Heritage Learners' Perceptions of and Performance in Listening. The Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 18(1), 63-86. https://journals.sfu.ca/cjal/index.php/cjal

q2 · i? · associational · r1

Qualitative questionnaire data on difficulties with listening activities. Other HLLs noted "the language may sound different coming from different people" and difficulty "except in another dialect or Brazilian", while NHLLs observed HLLs "can understand every accent."

"One HLL commented on becoming "completely confused and lost" when an exercise involved an accent that was different from the one to which the learner was accustomed."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Auditory Processing — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Four themes of difficulty in textbook listening activities emerge for both groups: speech rate, speaker's accent, word meaning, and time pressure — related
• Heritage learners of Portuguese perceive listening as the easiest of the four skills, while non-heritage learners find it as challenging as other skills — related
• Heritage and non-heritage learners perceive textbook listening activities in reversed ways: no HLL found them difficult and no NHLL found them easy — related
• Heritage learners scored only slightly higher than non-heritage learners on listening tasks, with no statistically significant group difference — reports the opposite
• Successful and unsuccessful listening performance in this study is associated with learners' strategic behaviour rather than with heritage or non-heritage status — related
• Heritage learners showed broader attention to the passage and selective second-listening attention, while non-heritage learners focused on local information — related