Anxious affect and self-rated mastery start worse for relearning but reverse in favour of relearning by the third session¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (4 entries) · causal r2 · q2 · i1–i3
Currency · newest study 2020 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i3 VAS anxious affect ratings showed main effects of session and practice task qualified by a session × practice task interaction. → Philip A. Higham 2020 q2 i1 The anxious-affect difference reversed in Session 3, with lower anxiety for relearn (M = 34.18) than restudy (M = 35.89), d = -0.230. → Philip A. Higham 2020 (2) q2 i2 Self-rated mastery was less for relearn than restudy in Session 1, d = 0.700. → Philip A. Higham 2020 (3) q2 i? By the third session, relearning students rated having more mastery than restudying students, in every week of the semester. → Philip A. Higham 2020 (4)

Evidence¶

Philip A. Higham 2020¶

Philip A. Higham, Bettina Zengel, Laura Bartlett, and Julie A. Hadwin (2020). The Benefits of Successive Relearning on Multiple Learning Outcomes. https://osf.io/nx4va/?view_only=049ee04aab4f420e9fa0091b3b69b9d0

q2 · i3 · causal · r2

A 3 (session) × 2 (practice task) repeated-measures ANOVA on VAS anxious affect ratings taken after each practice session. Main effects of session and practice task were "qualified by an interaction between session and practice task, F(2, 410) = 119.51, p < .001, ηp2 = .368".

"both of which were qualified by an interaction between session and practice task, F(2, 410) = 119.51, p < .001, ηp2 = .368"

Philip A. Higham 2020 (2)¶

Philip A. Higham, Bettina Zengel, Laura Bartlett, and Julie A. Hadwin (2020). The Benefits of Successive Relearning on Multiple Learning Outcomes. https://osf.io/nx4va/?view_only=049ee04aab4f420e9fa0091b3b69b9d0

q2 · i1 · causal · r2

Follow-up t-tests on the anxious-affect interaction. Anxious affect was higher for relearn in Session 1, and "the difference reversed in Session 3" (relearn M = 34.18 vs restudy M = 35.89), d = -0.230.

"the difference reversed in Session 3 (relearn: M = 34.18, SD = 16.42; restudy: M = 35.89, SD = 17.10), t(205) = -3.30, p = .001, d = -0.230."

Philip A. Higham 2020 (3)¶

Philip A. Higham, Bettina Zengel, Laura Bartlett, and Julie A. Hadwin (2020). The Benefits of Successive Relearning on Multiple Learning Outcomes. https://osf.io/nx4va/?view_only=049ee04aab4f420e9fa0091b3b69b9d0

q2 · i2 · causal · r2

Follow-up t-tests on the mastery interaction (higher VAS values indicate less mastery) showed "students’ self-rated mastery was less for relearn" than restudy in Session 1, d = 0.700.

"students’ self-rated mastery was less for relearn (M = 55.06, SD = 12.28) than restudy (M = 46.68, SD = 12.97) in Session 1, t(205) = 10.05, p < .001, d = 0.700"

Philip A. Higham 2020 (4)¶

Philip A. Higham, Bettina Zengel, Laura Bartlett, and Julie A. Hadwin (2020). The Benefits of Successive Relearning on Multiple Learning Outcomes. https://osf.io/nx4va/?view_only=049ee04aab4f420e9fa0091b3b69b9d0

q2 · i? · causal · r2

The mastery interaction follow-ups showed the Session-1 disadvantage for relearning "was eliminated by the second session", and "By the third session, relearning students rated having more mastery than the restudying students".

"By the third session, relearning students rated having more mastery than the restudying students, and this difference was present for every week of the semester."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Aggregate judgments of learning shift from lower under relearning to higher under relearning across the three sessions — related
• Self-rated attentional control improves for relearning relative to restudying from the second session onward — related
• Individual differences were not associated with the retention benefit of relearning over restudying — related
• First-pass recall accuracy rises while trials-to-criterion and exposure duration fall across the three weekly relearning sessions — related