Calibration of JOLs shifts toward underconfidence across learning cycles for action phrases under both verbal and enactive encoding, without first-cycle overconfidence¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3 · i0 negligible
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i0 Calibration shifted significantly toward underconfidence across cycles, with underconfidence in Cycles 2 and 3 but only nonsignificant overestimation in Cycle 1, and this pattern did not vary by encoding type. → Kubik 2022

Evidence¶

Kubik 2022¶

Kubik, V., Jemstedt, A., Mahjub Eshratabadi, H., Schwartz, B. L., & Jönsson, F. U. (2022). The underconfidence-with-practice effect in action memory: The contribution of retrieval practice to metacognitive monitoring. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-021-09288-2

q3 · i0 · causal · r2

Controlled lab experiment with 59 undergraduates learning 36 action phrases over three cycles (enactive vs. verbal encoding, between subjects). Calibration shifted toward underconfidence, "F(1.65, 94.29) = 39.28, p < 0.001, ω2 = 0.178"; Cycle 1 showed only nonsignificant overestimation (d = 0.19), Cycle 2 pronounced underconfidence (d = 0.78).

"Thus, overall, calibration shifted significantly toward underconfidence, F(1.65, 94.29) = 39.28, p < 0.001, ω2 = 0.178, both from Cycle 1 to Cycle 2, V = 167.00, p < 0.001, rrb = 0.81, and from Cycle 1 to Cycle 3"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Anchoring-and-adjustment explains the underconfidence-with-practice effect, with JOLs anchored between 30 and 50% correct recall — related
• JOLs for study–test items increase faster across cycles than JOLs for study–study items, reducing underconfidence relative to restudy practice — related
• Enactive encoding yields higher cued recall than verbal encoding, and the enactment effect remains stable across learning cycles — related
• Enactment impairs resolution of JOLs relative to verbal encoding of action phrases — related
• Learners' JOLs are sensitive to the enactment benefit even when encoding type is manipulated between subjects — related
• Resolution of JOLs increases across study–test cycles, improving between Cycles 1 and 2 but not from Cycle 2 to Cycle 3 — related
• Underconfidence-with-practice effect: learners overestimate learning after one study trial but underestimate it after repeated restudying — related