University teachers should act as role models by explicitly communicating lecture goals and time plans and reminding students to start exam preparation early¶

Strategy · All strategies
Evidence · 5 claims (5 for) · 1 study (1 associational), q2 · 1 of 1 report an effect size · 5 claims rest on one study

Description¶

The article's teacher-level recommendation is that "University teachers can support the development of SRL strategies by acting as role models", achieved "by explicitly communicating lecture goals and time plan as well as by reflecting whether these goals have been achieved". Teachers are also advised to "remind students to start studying for examinations early". This operationalises the process model of SRL's preaction planning phase within the lecture context, supporting students' own planning and time management.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

• Teachers must be willing to dedicate lecture time to communicating goals and time plans and to revisiting whether those goals were achieved.

Constraints¶

Target Learners¶

• university students

Target Learning Goals¶

• self-regulated learning
• planning and time management

Claims¶

• Using breaks between lectures for independent study is an independent positive predictor of daily study satisfaction beyond overall time investment [+W]
• Effort positively predicts daily study satisfaction above and beyond time investment, breaks use, planning, and procrastination, with the full predictor set explaining 49.3% of intraindividual variance [+W]
• Planning the study day at its start positively predicts daily study satisfaction above and beyond time investment, with the relation differing between students [+W]
• Procrastination is the strongest negative predictor of daily study satisfaction, reducing satisfaction above and beyond time investment, planning, and effort [+W]
• Daily lecture time and independent study time each positively predict students' daily study satisfaction, with relations differing significantly between students [+W]

Related Strategies¶

• Universities should provide SRL training and consider reducing the length of breaks between lectures, using web-based instruction to give flexible attendance
• Advise students to plan their study days, use breaks between lectures for independent study, prevent procrastination, and invest effort

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

• Liborius, P., Bellhäuser, H., & Schmitz, B. (2019). What makes a good study day? An intraindividual study on university students' time investment by means of time-series analyses. Learning and Instruction, 60, 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.10.006