Overconfidence (bias) decreased from pretest to posttest across all groups including control, with no group differences¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Children reduced their bias scores, showing less overconfidence at posttest across the three groups, without significant variation between groups. → Kristin Kolloff 2025
Evidence¶
Kristin Kolloff 2025¶
Kristin Kolloff, Ebru Ger, Claudia M. Roebers. (2025). The role of metacognitive experience: Can feedback training affect kindergarteners' monitoring accuracy? Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-025-09422-4
q3 · i? · causal · r2
Conditional linear mixed model on absolute monitoring accuracy showed measurement point was significant (γ = −0.06, p = 0.03) but neither feedback condition was a significant main effect, so the decline was not attributable to feedback training.
"measurement point was a significant predictor (γ = −0.06, SE = 0.03, t(214) = −2.18, p = 0.03). We found no main effects for MC Monitoring Feedback (γ = −0.01, SE = 0.04, t(214) = −0.28, p = 0.78)"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- In Experiment 2, absolute metacognitive bias decreased linearly across the four additive intervention groups, and the full intervention group was significantly less biased than control — related
- Bias scores did not improve over the school year, but school year level mattered: year 1 students became less overconfident while year 3 students improved their underconfidence — reports the opposite
- In Experiment 2, signed metacognitive bias scores showed no significant group effect or linear trend, failing to replicate the Experiment 1 signed-bias finding — related
- Children's ability to discriminate between correct and incorrect answers did not change over training regardless of group — related
- Neither monitoring feedback nor performance feedback improved kindergarteners' monitoring accuracy relative to an active control — related
- Monitoring discrimination and overconfidence improve with age between kindergarten and second grade — related
- Pre-monitoring judgments before recognition increase rather than decrease overconfidence in kindergartners and second graders — reports the opposite
- Exam score predictions decreased from the start to the end of the course for all performance quartiles, leaving poor performers overconfident and high performers underconfident — related
- Giving students feedback about their grading bias increased their subsequent grading accuracy — related
- Children became significantly less overconfident from kindergarten to 2nd grade but remained overconfident at both time points — related
- Metacognitive monitoring bias and precision modulate when students stop studying relative to their goals — related
- Trained ninth-graders became more critical toward less reliable links than controls, with the effect persisting three weeks for the least reliable (bad) links — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
bias-decreased-across-groups-no-feedback-effect |
title |
Overconfidence (bias) decreased from pretest to posttest across all groups including control, with no group differences |
description |
Overconfidence (bias) decreased from pretest to posttest across all groups including control, with no group differences |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2025 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-18 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — kristin-kolloff-2025 |
Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.