Learners who could decide after a trial whether to receive knowledge of results estimated their own movement outcomes more accurately in retention than Self-Before learners and their yoked counterparts.¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2014 · 1 of 2 entries checked against their sources (automated) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? A significant Choice × Decision interaction on retention absolute difference between estimated and actual outcome (F(2,42) = 7.19, p= 0.002, ηp2 = 0.26) showed Self-After (M = 10.44) and Self-Both (M = 13.80) more accurate than Self-Before (M = 27.01). → Carter 2014 q3 i? Self-After and Self-Both were significantly more accurate estimators than their yoked counterparts (Yoked-After M = 22.51; Yoked-Both M = 29.02), whereas Self-Before did not differ statistically from Yoked-Before (M = 19.37). → Carter 2014 (2)

Evidence¶

Carter 2014¶

Carter, M. J., Carlsen, A. N., & Ste-Marie, D. M. (2014). Self-controlled feedback is effective if it is based on the learner’s performance: a replication and extension of Chiviacowsky and Wulf (2005). Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1325. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01325

q3 · i? · partial η² only, no standardised mean difference · causal · r1

Laboratory experiment in which university volunteers learned a slider-positioning task under six knowledge-of-results (KR) conditions; participants estimated each outcome in retention, scored as absolute difference (AD). Self-After and Self-Both "were significantly more accurate in their subjective performance evaluations than the Self-Before group".

"The main effects for Choice and Decision in retention were superseded by a significant interaction, F(2,42) = 7.19, p= 0.002, ηp2 = 0.26, which revealed that both the Self-After (M = 10.44, SE = 1.40) and the Self-Both (M = 13.80, SE = 2.59) groups were significantly more accurate in their subjective performance evaluations than the Self-Before group (M = 27.01, SE = 3.52)."

Carter 2014 (2)¶

Carter, M. J., Carlsen, A. N., & Ste-Marie, D. M. (2014). Self-controlled feedback is effective if it is based on the learner’s performance: a replication and extension of Chiviacowsky and Wulf (2005). Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1325. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01325

q3 · i? · causal · r1

Self versus yoked post hoc comparisons on retention AD in the same experiment: both after-decision groups "were significantly more accurate than their respective yoked counterparts"; Self-Before was not statistically different from Yoked-Before. No pairwise effect size is printed.

"Moreover, the Self-After and the Self-Both groups did not differ significantly but both were significantly more accurate than their respective yoked counterparts (Yoked-After: M = 22.51, SE = 4.16; Yoked-Both: M = 29.02, SE = 4.32) whereas the Self-Before group was not statistically different than the Yoked-Before group (M = 19.37, SE = 2.67)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Letting learners pace instruction helped on complex material in one experiment, while learner control in general showed almost no effect across 18 studies — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
• Self Controlled Kr Decided After Trial Improves Motor Retention
• During motor practice with knowledge of results, all groups reduced absolute error across blocks, and groups whose KR decision fell after the trial were more accurate during practice than groups whose decision fell before it, independent of choice. — related
• Self Assessment Accuracy Is Low Without Training — related
• Allowing learners to request knowledge of results before a trial and then revise the choice after it (Self-Both) did not produce learning beyond deciding only after the trial (Self-After), which the authors take as no support for an additive motivational-plus-informational effect. — related
• Learners who could decide after a trial whether to receive knowledge of results (Self-After, Self-Both) showed less error on a 24-h transfer test to a new target distance than Self-Before learners and their yoked counterparts. — related
• Having control over the knowledge-of-results decision only before a motor trial (Self-Before) produced no statistically significant retention or transfer benefit over a yoked group receiving the same KR schedule. — related
• On a motor transfer test, self-controlled knowledge-of-results groups estimated their outcomes more accurately than yoked groups, and among self-controlled groups Self-After and Self-Both were more accurate than Self-Before. — related
• Guiding questions and student control over video movement improve learning outcomes and satisfaction — related