Trust in AI and academic self-efficacy serially mediate the literacy-to-continued-use association (literacy → trust → self-efficacy → use)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · checked against its sources 2026-10-19 (automated, 2 of 2 entries) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? The serial indirect path from AI literacy through trust and then self-efficacy to continued use is significant (indirect effect = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04–0.10). → Peichen Hu 2026 q3 i? Total indirect effect through both mediators is 0.28 (95% CI 0.21–0.36), with the direct effect remaining significant, indicating partial complementary mediation. → Peichen Hu 2026 (2)

Evidence¶

Peichen Hu 2026¶

Peichen Hu. (2026). Psychological predictors of continued ChatGPT use among university students: the roles of AI literacy, trust, and academic self-efficacy. Front. Psychol. 17:1900190. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1900190

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Monte Carlo confidence intervals (20,000 draws) in the latent-variable SEM of 450 existing ChatGPT users tested the serial pathway; the printed estimate was "indirect effect = 0.07, 95% CI (0.04, 0.10)". Table 3 notes that the estimates are standardised, so 0.07 is a standardised indirect effect; it is not a group-difference effect size and no i is coded from it.

"The serial indirect path from AI literacy through trust and then self-efficacy to continued use was also significant [indirect effect = 0.07, 95% CI (0.04, 0.10); H7c], consistent with a specification in which trust and self-efficacy function as ordered rather than parallel links"

Peichen Hu 2026 (2)¶

Peichen Hu. (2026). Psychological predictors of continued ChatGPT use among university students: the roles of AI literacy, trust, and academic self-efficacy. Front. Psychol. 17:1900190. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1900190

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Same SEM, mediation analysis section: total indirect effect "0.28, 95% CI (0.21, 0.36)" with a significant direct effect, described by the authors as partial, complementary mediation. The paper reports its structural estimates as standardised (Table 3); this total indirect effect is an indirect-path estimate, not a group-difference effect size, so no i is coded from it.

"The total indirect effect was substantial [0.28, 95% CI (0.21, 0.36)], and becausethedirecteffectremainedsignificant,trustandself-efficacy jointlyaccountedforpartial,complementarymediation."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Self-Efficacy — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

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