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Three CLE stages/models of literacy development paired with four program types (formal, informal, special education, ethnic group)

Design · All designs
Evidence · no claims cited

Description

The Thai CLE program organizes literacy teaching around three stages: stage 1 for beginner readers aims to create enthusiasm for reading and writing simple texts; stage 2 widens the range of text types learners can read and write independently; stage 3 for advanced learners emphasizes learning through reading and writing and the literacy skills needed after school. The article states "The CLE programs were also categorized into four types of literacy programs": formal or school-based, informal education (adult literacy and children), special education for disabled students, and ethnic group programs for hill tribe students and immigrants. Each stage specifies phases of instruction in text-based and activity-based units (Table 1) and a taxonomy of target genres increasing in complexity.

Design Implications

Context

Requirements

  • Curriculum development, key personnel training, material development, and research studies organized per program type
  • Genre-based (text-based) planning of beginner texts with teachers trained in linguistic inquiry into genres and schematic structure

Constraints

  • When the program spread to other regions of Thailand, some curriculum themes had to be replaced due to geographical and sociocultural differences

Target Learners

  • beginner readers (grades 1-2)
  • independent readers (grades 3-4)
  • advanced learners (grades 5-6 and secondary)
  • adult literacy learners
  • disabled students
  • ethnic minority and immigrant students

Learning Goals

  • reading and writing across transactional, factual, and literary text types
  • Thai and English language communicative performance
  • learning-to-learn and enjoyment of literacy

Claims

Examples

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Key Sources

  • Rattanavich, S. (2015). Concentrated Language Encounter Approach in Practice for Global Teaching of Literacy: Lighthouse Strategy Implementation. International Education Studies, 8(7), 21. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n7p21
Page metadata
Field Value
type design
id cle-three-stages-four-program-types
title Three CLE stages/models of literacy development paired with four program types (formal, informal, special education, ethnic group)
description The Thai CLE program organizes literacy teaching around three stages: stage 1 for beginner readers aims to create enthusiasm for reading and writing simple texts; stage 2 widens the range of text types learners can re...
status review
generated by process:settle-candidates on 2026-11-03
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources 1 — rattanavich-2015

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