Four-category geometric classification of cervical ICA patterns¶

Design · All designs
Evidence · no claims cited

Description¶

The article classifies the anatomical geometric patterns of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery into four categories: straight (no angulation), tortuosity (15–60 degrees), kinking (90–145 degrees), and coiling (360 degrees). The authors state these configurations "were chosen because they represent the most clinically recognized variations of the cervical internal carotid artery and encompass a broad spectrum of geometric, hemodynamic, radiological, and surgical characteristics". The classification structures both the training scenarios and the expert question-and-answer framework, providing what the article calls "a systematic structure from an educational perspective".

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

CT angiography imaging and angle-based morphological criteria to distinguish patterns, e.g., kinking forms a sharp angle between 90° and 145° versus smooth tortuosity curves

Constraints¶

Classification applies to the cervical segment of the ICA as represented in the selected archive cases

Target Learners¶

first-year undergraduate medical students

Learning Goals¶

classifying ICA variation patterns and understanding their hemodynamic and surgical implications

Claims¶

Examples¶

-

Key Sources¶

Bedre Duygu Ozden, Govsa Figen, Yagdi Tahir, Duygu Ibrahim, Ozer Mehmet Asim, Gokmen Gokhan. (2026). From anatomy to surgical safety: scenario-based learning for internal carotid artery patterns in undergraduate education. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-10076-2

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`design`
`id`	`ica-pattern-four-category-classification`
`title`	`Four-category geometric classification of cervical ICA patterns`
`description`	`The article classifies the anatomical geometric patterns of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery into four categories: straight (no angulation), tortuosity (15–60 degrees), kinking (90–145 degrees), and...`
`status`	`review`
`generated`	by `process:settle-candidates` on `2026-11-04`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `bedre-duygu-ozden-2026`

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