PRWR: a four-phase preview-read-write-recite pattern embedded in a three-phase teaching framework with scaffolding questions¶

Design · All designs
Evidence · 2 claims (2 for) · 1 study (1 causal), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 2 claims rest on one study

Description¶

PRWR organizes academic reading into four phases — preview, read, write, and recite — delivered through a pre, whilst, and post teaching framework in which "several questions or questioning were deployed" in each phase to scaffold comprehension. Preview activates content and formal schemata via title, headings, and visuals; reading focuses on micro skills such as context clues, main ideas, and factual information with underlining and marking; writing produces a summary of key points; reciting restates the summary using recall words. The article presents detailed syntax tables of activities and guide-questions for each phase.

Design Implications¶

Context¶

Requirements¶

Teacher-deployed questions in each phase to scaffold comprehension of academic texts
Guide-questions targeting micro reading skills (context clues, denotation and connotation, topic, main idea and supporting details, factual information)

Constraints¶

Studied at the tertiary level with non-English department students; the article notes limited prior PRWR research at this level

Target Learners¶

non-English department university students (EFL sophomores)

Learning Goals¶

academic content-area reading comprehension in terms of word attack skills and text attack skills

Claims¶

Examples¶

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Key Sources¶

Azhar Aziz Lubis; Gunadi Harry Sulistyo. (2018). PRWR: Evidence of Its Effectiveness in Teaching Academic Content-Area Reading across English Proficiency. Dinamika Ilmu, Vol. 18 No. 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/di.v18i1.1070

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`design`
`id`	`prwr-reading-strategy-pattern`
`title`	`PRWR: a four-phase preview-read-write-recite pattern embedded in a three-phase teaching framework with scaffolding questions`
`description`	`PRWR organizes academic reading into four phases — preview, read, write, and recite — delivered through a pre, whilst, and post teaching framework in which "several questions or questioning were deployed" in each phas...`
`status`	`review`
`generated`	by `process:settle-candidates` on `2026-11-01`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `azhar-aziz-lubis-gunadi-harry-sulistyo-2018`

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