Five-stage scaffolding design between planning and translating in the Hayes and Flower writing model

Design · All designs
Evidence · 2 claims (2 for) · 1 study (1 causal), q2 · 1 of 1 report an effect size · 2 claims rest on one study

Description

The article designs a scaffolding sequence inserted between the planning and translating-plans-into-text stages of the Hayes and Flower writing model. It comprises five stages: "Concept mapping, modes of concept representation, translation among different modes of representation, multiple representations, and multimodal representation." Concept mapping trains hierarchical content arrangement; mode identification introduces text, picture, diagram, graph, equation, table and photo modes; translation and multiple-representation stages build flexibility across modes; multimodal representation integrates modes into cohesive writing reviewed by peers or experts.

Design Implications

Context

Requirements

• Students first produce a planning outline of an assigned sub-topic before entering the scaffolding stages
• Writing is reviewed individually by peer review or expert review at the multimodal stage

Constraints

• Tested only with pre-service physics teachers on the topics of electromagnetism and waves and optics in small classes of about 17 students

Target Learners

• pre-service physics teachers

Learning Goals

• writing physics teaching materials
• physics conceptual understanding
• translating among representation modes
• making multiple representations

Claims

• Scaffolding High Effect Writing Teaching Materials [+M]
• Scaffolding Medium Effect Conceptual Understanding [+M]

Related Designs

Examples

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Key Sources

• Sinaga, P., Suhandi, A., & Liliasari. (2015). The Effectiveness of Scaffolding Design in Training Writing Skills Physics Teaching Materials. International Journal of Instruction, 8(1). https://www.e-iji.net

Page metadata

Field	Value
type	design
id	scaffolding-stages-writing-teaching-materials
title	Five-stage scaffolding design between planning and translating in the Hayes and Flower writing model
description	The article designs a scaffolding sequence inserted between the planning and translating-plans-into-text stages of the Hayes and Flower writing model.
status	review
generated	by process:settle-candidates on 2026-11-02
trust	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources	1 — sinaga-2015

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